http://ir.lib.seu.ac.lk/handle/123456789/31 Second Issue of Journal of Management Wed, 06 May 2026 09:35:25 GMT 2026-05-06T09:35:25Z http://http://ir.lib.seu.ac.lk:80/xmlui/bitstream/id/3a96acca-9fca-4527-af3a-caa4416c6ea6/ http://ir.lib.seu.ac.lk/handle/123456789/31 http://ir.lib.seu.ac.lk/handle/123456789/41 Cover page Wed, 01 Jan 0010 00:00:00 GMT http://ir.lib.seu.ac.lk/handle/123456789/41 0010-01-01T00:00:00Z http://ir.lib.seu.ac.lk/handle/123456789/39 Contents Wed, 01 Jan 0010 00:00:00 GMT http://ir.lib.seu.ac.lk/handle/123456789/39 0010-01-01T00:00:00Z http://ir.lib.seu.ac.lk/handle/123456789/38 Contribution of ridge type estimators in regression analysis Jahufer, A Regression Analysis is one of (he most widely used statistical techniques for analyzing multifactor data. Its broad appeal results from the conceptually simple process of using an equation to express the relationship between a set of variables. Regression analysis is also interesting theoretically because of the elegant underlying mathematics. Successful use of regression analysis requires an appreciation of both the theory and the practical problems (hat often arise when the technique is employed with real world data. In the model fitting process the most frequently applied and most popular estimation procedure is the Ordinary Least Square Estimation (OLSE). The significant advantage of OLSE is that it provides minimum variance unbiased linear estimates for the parameters in the linear regression model. In many situations both experimental and non-experimental, the independent variables tend to be correlated among themselves. Then inter-correlation or multicollinearity among the independent variables is said to be exist. A variety of interrelated problems are created when multicollinearity exists. Specially, in the model building process, multicollinearity among the independent variables causes high variance (if OLSE is used) even though the estimators are still the minimum variance unbiased estimators in the class of linear unbiased estimators. The main objective of this study is to show that the unbiased estimation does not mean good estimation when the regressors are correlated among themselves or multicollinearity' exists. Instead, it is tried to motivate the use of biased estimation (Ridge type estimation) allowing small bias and having a low variance, which together can give a low mean square error. This study also reveals the importance of the theoretical results already obtained, and gives a path for a researcher for the application of the theoretical results in practical situations. Keywords: Multicollinearity, Least Square Estimation, Restricted Least Square Wed, 01 Jan 0010 00:00:00 GMT http://ir.lib.seu.ac.lk/handle/123456789/38 0010-01-01T00:00:00Z http://ir.lib.seu.ac.lk/handle/123456789/36 Empowerment of employees as a strategy for improving organizational performance - a comparative study between state sector and private sector banking institutions in sri Lanka Pathmaranjan, R This paper argues that employee empowerment promotes organizational performance. On the basis of a positive relationship between employee empowerment and financial performance of service firms identified by the existing literature, a research question was probed in this study to find out whether the high income growth rate of private sector commercial banks is due to a high degree of employee empowerment in those banks. This study attempted to answer this question by measuring the degree of empowerment in the state and private sector commercial banks in the country. Degree of empowerment was measured in terms offour factors: Power to make decisions that influence organizational performance. Information sharing on key aspects of organizational performance, Knowledge that enables employees to contribute to organizational performance, and Rewards based on organizational performance. The study, which was based on a questionnaire survey covering a sample of hundred front line employees in four banking institutions, concluded that the private sector bank employees are highly empowered than state sector bank employees. Thus it was suggested, when other factors remain constant, the high income growth rate of private sector banks has been contributed to some extent bv the high degree of employee empowerment. The empowered state of mind of private sector hank employees would help to delight customers by exceeding their expectations. Increased customer satisfaction, customer retention, and expansion of market share might have resulted in the increased financial performance. The implication of the study for managers and executives is that they need to introduce planned change in their organizations with the aim of disseminating power, information, knowledge, and rewards among subordinates; the process often referred to as empowerment of employees. Wed, 01 Jan 0010 00:00:00 GMT http://ir.lib.seu.ac.lk/handle/123456789/36 0010-01-01T00:00:00Z