Abstract:
Sri Lanka, often referred to as the “Island of Gems”, has carved out a unique identity in the global
gem industry, boasting a rich history that dates back over 2,000 years. Renowned for producing
some of the world’s finest sapphires and a wide range of semi-precious stones, the island’s
gemstone legacy is deeply intertwined with its cultural heritage, trade history, and tourism appeal.
From ancient maritime trade routes to royal courts of Europe and Asia, Sri Lankan gems have
long been sought after for their exceptional clarity, color, and craftsmanship. This Abstract
examines the factors contributing to Sri Lanka’s global gem reputation, focusing on the geological
abundance in regions such as Ratnapura apparently named as “The City of Gems” as well as the
traditional mining techniques, skilled lapidary craftsmanship, and the government's regulatory
frameworks that support the industry. It further explores the role of the gem industry in shaping
tourism, with gem tourism emerging as a significant niche that attracts both collectors and casual
travelers. Gem museums, mining site tours, gem exhibitions, and certified gem markets have
become integral components of the tourist experience, offering insights into both the natural
formation and cultural significance of gemstones in Sri Lanka. The paper also discusses how Sri
Lanka leverages its gem heritage for nation branding and economic development, while addressing
contemporary challenges such as illegal mining, environmental degradation, and the need for
ethical sourcing practices. With increasing global demand for ethically sourced and sustainable
gemstones, Sri Lanka is presented with both opportunities and responsibilities in maintaining its
reputation. In conclusion, the Abstract emphasizes the importance of preserving Sri Lanka’s gem
heritage not just as a matter of national pride, but as a sustainable pillar of its tourism and export
economy. By integrating heritage conservation, responsible tourism, and international market
strategies, Sri Lanka can continue to shine as a global leader in the gem industry.
